package explore

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"net/http"
	"regexp"
	"strconv"
	"sync/atomic"
	"time"
)

// Streaming helpers for the MetaBrainz dump imports.  Dumps are never
// written to disk: the HTTP body is decoded (tar / zstd+tar) in flight.
// resumableReader reconnects with HTTP Range requests on transient
// failures, which also lets the listens import resume across app
// restarts from a checkpointed byte offset.

const (
	// maxStreamRetries is the number of consecutive failed reconnect
	// attempts before a stream read gives up.  The counter resets
	// whenever bytes are successfully delivered.
	maxStreamRetries = 8

	// streamRetryBaseDelay is the initial reconnect backoff; it
	// doubles per consecutive failure, up to streamRetryMaxDelay.
	streamRetryBaseDelay = 2 * time.Second

	// streamRetryMaxDelay caps the backoff.  Uncapped doubling reaches
	// four minutes by the last attempt, which is a long time to leave a
	// download lane idle over a transient 503 from a busy dump server.
	streamRetryMaxDelay = 20 * time.Second

	// dumpDiscoveryTimeout bounds the small directory-listing
	// requests (not the multi-hour stream requests).
	dumpDiscoveryTimeout = 30 * time.Second
)

// ErrDumpDiscovery is returned when a dump directory listing does not
// contain the expected entries.
var ErrDumpDiscovery = errors.New("dump discovery failed")

// ErrDumpStream is returned when a dump stream fails permanently.
var ErrDumpStream = errors.New("dump stream failed")

var hrefRe = regexp.MustCompile(`href="([^"?/][^"?]*)"`)

// resumableReader is an io.Reader over an HTTP resource that survives
// connection failures by reconnecting with a Range request at the
// current offset.  Offset is the absolute position of the next byte to
// deliver, so callers can checkpoint it and construct a new
// resumableReader later to resume a partially-processed stream.
type resumableReader struct {
	ctx    context.Context
	client *http.Client
	url    string

	// offset is the absolute byte position of the next read, and size
	// the total resource size (-1 until the first response reveals it).
	// Both are atomic so a progress reporter on another goroutine can
	// sample them while the stream is being read.
	offset atomic.Int64
	size   atomic.Int64

	body    io.ReadCloser
	retries int
}

// Pos returns the absolute byte position of the next read.
func (r *resumableReader) Pos() int64 {
	return r.offset.Load()
}

// Fetched matches Pos: a single sequential connection reads no further
// ahead than it delivers.
func (r *resumableReader) Fetched() int64 {
	return r.offset.Load()
}

// Total returns the total resource size, or -1 while unknown.
func (r *resumableReader) Total() int64 {
	return r.size.Load()
}

func (r *resumableReader) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {
	for {
		if err := r.ctx.Err(); err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}

		if r.body == nil {
			if err := r.connect(); err != nil {
				return 0, err
			}
		}

		n, err := r.body.Read(p)
		offset := r.offset.Add(int64(n))

		if n > 0 {
			r.retries = 0
		}

		switch {
		case err == nil:
			return n, nil
		case errors.Is(err, io.EOF):
			// A server that closes early looks like EOF; only
			// trust it when we've seen the advertised size.
			if size := r.size.Load(); size >= 0 && offset < size {
				r.closeBody()

				if retryErr := r.backoff(err); retryErr != nil {
					return n, retryErr
				}

				if n > 0 {
					return n, nil
				}

				continue
			}

			return n, io.EOF
		default:
			r.closeBody()

			if retryErr := r.backoff(err); retryErr != nil {
				return n, retryErr
			}

			if n > 0 {
				return n, nil
			}
		}
	}
}

// backoff sleeps with exponential backoff, or returns a terminal error
// once the retry budget is exhausted.
func (r *resumableReader) backoff(cause error) error {
	r.retries++
	if r.retries > maxStreamRetries {
		return fmt.Errorf(
			"%w: %s after %d retries: %w", ErrDumpStream, r.url, maxStreamRetries, cause,
		)
	}

	delay := min(streamRetryBaseDelay<<(r.retries-1), streamRetryMaxDelay)

	select {
	case <-r.ctx.Done():
		return r.ctx.Err()
	case <-time.After(delay):
		return nil
	}
}

func (r *resumableReader) connect() error {
	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(r.ctx, http.MethodGet, r.url, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("dump stream request: %w", err)
	}

	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", lbUserAgent)

	offset := r.offset.Load()
	if offset > 0 {
		req.Header.Set("Range", "bytes="+strconv.FormatInt(offset, 10)+"-")
	}

	resp, err := r.client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		return r.backoff(err)
	}

	switch resp.StatusCode {
	case http.StatusPartialContent:
		if r.size.Load() < 0 {
			r.size.Store(parseContentRangeTotal(resp.Header.Get("Content-Range")))
		}

		r.body = resp.Body

		return nil
	case http.StatusOK:
		if r.size.Load() < 0 && resp.ContentLength > 0 {
			r.size.Store(resp.ContentLength)
		}

		// Server ignored the Range header: discard the prefix so
		// the caller still reads from the requested offset.
		if offset > 0 {
			if _, err := io.CopyN(io.Discard, resp.Body, offset); err != nil {
				_ = resp.Body.Close()

				return r.backoff(err)
			}
		}

		r.body = resp.Body

		return nil
	default:
		_ = resp.Body.Close()

		return r.backoff(fmt.Errorf("%w: HTTP %d from %s", ErrDumpStream, resp.StatusCode, r.url))
	}
}

func (r *resumableReader) closeBody() {
	if r.body != nil {
		_ = r.body.Close()
		r.body = nil
	}
}

// Close releases the underlying HTTP body, if any.
func (r *resumableReader) Close() error {
	r.closeBody()

	return nil
}

// parseContentRangeTotal extracts the total size from a Content-Range
// header ("bytes 100-199/12345").  Returns -1 if unavailable.
func parseContentRangeTotal(v string) int64 {
	for i := len(v) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
		if v[i] == '/' {
			total, err := strconv.ParseInt(v[i+1:], 10, 64)
			if err != nil {
				return -1
			}

			return total
		}
	}

	return -1
}

func newResumableReader(
	ctx context.Context, client *http.Client, url string, offset int64,
) *resumableReader {
	r := &resumableReader{
		ctx:    ctx,
		client: client,
		url:    url,
	}

	r.offset.Store(offset)
	r.size.Store(-1)

	return r
}

// listHrefs fetches an Apache-style index page and returns the href
// values (directory entries end with a trailing slash).
func listHrefs(ctx context.Context, client *http.Client, url string) ([]string, error) {
	reqCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, dumpDiscoveryTimeout)
	defer cancel()

	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(reqCtx, http.MethodGet, url, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("dump listing request: %w", err)
	}

	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", lbUserAgent)

	resp, err := client.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("dump listing fetch: %w", err)
	}

	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()

	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
			"%w: listing %s returned HTTP %d", ErrDumpDiscovery, url, resp.StatusCode,
		)
	}

	body, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 4<<20))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("dump listing read: %w", err)
	}

	var hrefs []string

	for _, m := range hrefRe.FindAllStringSubmatch(string(body), -1) {
		hrefs = append(hrefs, m[1])
	}

	return hrefs, nil
}

func trimTrailingSlash(s string) string {
	if len(s) > 0 && s[len(s)-1] == '/' {
		return s[:len(s)-1]
	}

	return s
}